Biophilic interior design
Design that hardwires nature into the room - living walls, abundant daylight, and natural materials chosen to make the body feel at home. Biophilic design treats the human-nature connection as a basic spatial requirement, not a decorative touch. Plants, natural light, ventilation, raw materials, and views of the outdoors are integrated into the architecture so the room actively supports focus, rest, and wellbeing. The term was coined by biologist E. O. Wilson in 1984 and translated into a design framework by researchers Stephen Kellert and William Browning in the 2000s. Today it is increasingly written into office and hospital briefs as research links plants, daylight, and natural views to measurable improvements in stress, recovery, and cognitive performance.